How Do Surge Arresters Prevent Lightning From Entering Equipment Through Power Lines?

Under normal circumstances, the power system maintains a stable voltage. During thunderstorms or high-voltage surges, lighting arrester 33kv acts as a conductor, diverting excessive voltage or current to the ground. Thus, the equipment only sees the normal voltage and is not affected by lightning strikes.

When the power grid or external lines are struck by lightning or experience induced overvoltage, the metal oxide varistor (MOV) inside lightning arrester 20 kv quickly changes to a low-resistance state, opening a path for the lightning current. The high-energy surge is then diverted to the ground through lightning arrester 22kv, bypassing the equipment. The electrical system thus remains within its design voltage range, preventing high-voltage damage.